Player mechanism ipor musical instruments



AL n im, w A. wmgm Awww::smh-Lise- PLAYER MEcHANlsM FQR MUSICALINSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 15,9.- 1919. A 1,430,5') 17. Patented Sept. 26;1922. 7 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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N @www PatentedSept, 26, 1922.

W. A. WATSON AND W. EUSTIS. PLAYER MECHANISM FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED Auc.1s.1 9|9.

BEST AVLAL Cif?? w. A. wATsoN ANDr w. Eusle.

PLAYER MECHANISM FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED Aus.19.19x9.

1,4305 17. antedsept 26, 1922.

SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mi" nw..

- w. A. wAefniwugus; PLAYER MECHANSM FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19.1919.

Patented septr 26, 1922.'.

A INVENTORS:

TTORNEY.

PLAYER MECHANISM FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATIONv mso Aus.19.1919.

Patentd Sept.. 26, 1922.

YSHEETS-SHEET 5.

ATTORNEY.

fx-BL W- A. WATSON AND' w. EUSTIS. PLAYER MEcHAmsM Foa'nusxcALINSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19. |919.

Patented Sept. 26, 1922.

1 SHEETS-SHEET e.

J O I. I 0 IIIZ 0 l 0 0 /85 7ik 3 2 Mir m 6 6 M. al m m TW L I N VENTORS A TTORNEY.

@ma HAMEL@ W.A. WATSON AND W. EUSTS.

PLAYER MECHANISM FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. APPLICATION mm Au'eJs. 1,919.

1,430,517, Patendsept. 26,1922.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

MMA/V BY A TTORNEY.

, m: Patented Sept, 25, 1922. n

UNIFIED*"STATES n.. wn'rsoifr, onfefrnpnnn, airtiap'wannnlt ensms,orlnnwfroii, prinsessen! SETTS, ASSIGNGBS 'rofl .Pg EnsTIs,MANUFAc'rnRiNG competir, orl cs'MBnIDGE,

M'AssAcHUsErrsfn contestation, oir1 Massa cnusn'rrs'. y.

To all who/HL Maag/concern: Be it known that we, WILLIAM AJWA'rso andWARNER EUs'rI's;-citizens 'ofthe United States, and residents of Maldenand Newton, respectively,tinthe county ofMiddlesex'and State 'o-AMassachusetts: haved 'invented 'cer'- t-ain new and useful Improvementsin Flayer ff Mechanism forffMusiealmInstruments, or' which thefollowing'is-aispeciication; i f1; @This i-nven'tionfrelates-.td' Playermechanism for musiealfns'trmnents,whichfmay be adapted to uprightpianos, andthejinvention mayat'least'in part beadaptedto grand pianosandorgans." .l -1 One of4 the sobjects 'of'- the =invention isto"provide aplayerimechanisin which fembodies themanumotive'fparts,fthatis' tofsay,` it emlbodies or'it 'ispreferredthat it'does' embody allmanually controlled 5 parts, such as are used in connectionwith'pl'aye'r mecha nism for controlling the 4style of? laying; In otherfwords, in' the best yfcnnr'ot' the-'invention '-itis desirable that theplayer mechanisnrca'rryi separately `from thelcase of themusiealinstrument itselflalllparts that tunel' tionate from themanually' controlled members, so that if the piayerf'mechansm-is 're`niovable, all the parts embodied therewith. such as referred to, willbefremovable as a unit, or in a Word, it ispreferredthatf the playermechanism, with its-controlled land controlling parts be self-contained'las it were.` although it will be 'obvious from1 the illustratedembodiment of the .invention and the description that this isfnotnecessarily the msg I Another object of the `invention is to pm vide aplayer'mechanism for musical instru`-t ments in which the power bellowsconstitute 40 one unit and the player mechanism another unit in twoseptions, each of which may be detached from the-other;

Still another object of the 'invention is to provide player mechanismwitha wind-way which preferably is located below the key! bed and withwhich isassociated suitable supporting' means upon which the manuallycontrolled levers or'other controlling" mem'-f bers are located. so thatthe lsaid parts may be removed as a unit from beneath the key-bed. Whileas inferred it may be desired that all these objects he accomplished inone single or unitary self-contained player mech PLAYER MEeHfNisni nonmusicait iNsQTnUM-Eirrsiianism, it is to be understood that all theseobjects need not be inherent in any single player*mechanismI and itwillalso be vo'iiivious from the description that other objects as well' asz-these -may "be attainedandwvill 1ne within the spirit of theinvention? A, General .object-s of the invention are' to provide a.playerf'mechanism having -parts arid coiitro'l elementsA which' arefrendered readily Iaccessible i for inspection, repair, Sec. andtoimproveplayer mechanisms 'gen erally4 f Thesevbeing or preferablybeing` among the objects -ofrthe iuventiontliesame consist of-certainfeatures ofconstruction 'and combinatins of'parts to be hereinaftervdescribed andthen claimed withreiercnce' to the accompanying drawingsillustrating?rl one embodimentcic the invention in which- Figure-1isaeront elevation, parts being;r brokenuaway and omitted,- of a lplayermechanismfaccording tothe present invention.

:Figure 2 'is a planview-of those portions of the 'player .mechanism,Aembodying'zpnticularly the manual controls which are located-'below theupper player action windclliests:l 'rfi M- A1l1`ig2gl1re'-is 'aperspective view showingr wind-chest sections und 'the sup-porting framefor' 'thefmanually mntrollctl parts:v the n'iovnhle parts carried by theillustrated parts'beinfnT omitted.

' Figure 4 isa fragment-ary side elevation, partly in section',illustrating the manually coi'itrolled sustaining mechanism oli thepiano' or other musical instrument.

'Figure 5 is a-perspective view of some of the niembers of thesustainingr mechanism.

=li`igure 6 is a sectional side elevationgshowing means 'for obtainingsoft or loud playing, to 'be exact` connected with the hammer rail.'Figure 'Tis :i perspective View of the power pneumatic portion of thesaid means.

' Figure 8 is 'a perspective view. parts being' broke-n away.showingmeans for initiating thepneumatic control of the' hammer rail.

Ficf is a sectional side elevation, parts broken away, of the means forobtaining' the desired 'expression-in playing a melody. or solo, or inaccenting, said'means beingshown. as associated with parts which attackthe piano action.

FigureflO is a longitudinal sectionalv View of 'the preferred valvedevice, associated fil;

with the appropriate wind-way or windchest section,the-lvalvesfbeingf'n'lene position. f l 5 Figure 11 is a similar viewillustrating the valves in another position.

Player action proper.

Under this head-ing will be described those parts of the player actionwhich donot include the actual control means affecting the style ofplaying. f 1

Referring iso-Figures 1, 2 'and8, the windway or wind-chestsection15deprovided with a rearward shelf-or bracket-plate 15, and it lis*4preferredzi to carry .on this the pneumatic .functioning partev which:are initially cont-'rolled from the manually controlled levers ormem-bers, buttons 'or the like. Supported on the ends'cf the windway orwind-chest sectionA 15 are holloiv headers or endcheeks 16, which, es'shown more clearly in Figure' 3, project mainly above the said wind-wayin the vform of the invention shown, the wind-way 15 is supportedunderneath the keys by meanslof cl'ps or-saddles 17, which embracethe-said wind-way and theupper ends etw-bieb are suitably secured as by`means oli-screws to the key-bed or bottom 218, the latter being usuallyof wood and forms a part of the piano itself. Forwardly extending rods19 pass throug-l'i lugs 20v on the clips 17 in parallelism, and the saidVrods are screw threaded to receive adjusting nuts 21, whereby the saidrods may be secured upon and adjusted relatively to the clipsl7andhe-nce to the wind-way 15. An angular front rail or cross-bar 22 issu'tabl'y confined upon the forward ends of the parallel rods 19. Aswill appear later the rods 19 and front rail 22, together with theconcomitant parts constitute' a supporting fra-me upon which themanumotive or hand control parts are arranged, the parts of said framebeing so disposed and proportioned as that when the wind-way 15 issecured underneath the keybed the trent rai-l or' cross-bar 22 willconstitute a head-j? which may be located in a slot cut i-nto thekey-bed, the man-umollive parts preferably protruding from the saidfront rail or head in advance ofthe keys.

Three upper wind-chestsections 23, 24 and-25, are illustrated, althoughthis inumberl may be altered as desired. 'and these are the'wind-chest-section's of the player action which carry the pouverpneuinat'ics'thait actu-ate the hammens 'of the rpiano va-fr't'ionWllncul* lill@ pumping* bellows are .op-

.fn/aieasie new 1, 30,517

erated. The said sections are shown as paralleliwith each otherfandasconnected at both ends by means of hollow headers or end cheeks 26,which are provided at their lower ends with coupling or contact flanges2S, which are matched andbrought in Contact with sirnilar`flanges'i27 onthe" upper `ends ot the headers 16 or the lowerrnos't-"windchest sectionor wind-way 15. Obviously the joints between the flanges 27, 28 will beelted or otherwise packed inasmuch as it is intended in thc 'preferredtorni of the invention to render removable or detachable the headers 16and the parts carriedthereby and the headers'26 and the parts carriedthereby.

To connect the headers 16 and 26 at the respective ends of thewind-chest sections in alinement with each otherfastening devices arepreierablyfemployed which will allow of the desired detachability 'ofthe parts.

'lio this end headed tie --rods 129 are passed downwardly through holesin the upper ends or" the headers or end cheeks 26. so that-when thesaid tie rods are pushed downwardly as far as possible, the heads.thereof 'will rest upon the upperI ends of said headers when their screwthreaded lower ends have been screwed' into suitable spiders 30 whicharelocated in the upper ends of the lower headers or endcheeks 16, Thespiders() are, oi course, preferably rigidly secured-1in the headers 16.y y

lt will be clearly evident from Figure 6, for example, that the flangedends 27, 28 or' the headers are disposed at a rearward and upwardinclination, which is preferred because this inclination will assist inthe assembly of the parts mentioned, inasmuch as when and it thewind-way 15. with its headers, &c., are secured in position, the wind-.chest section 23, 24; and 25 and the headers 26 may be readily slidaway from the lowermost parts mentioned or be slid onto said parts, sotha-t all of theml may be ultimately secured together by the tie rods 29when the hea-ders 16 and 26v are in alinement. Vith the wind-chestsections and concomitant parts disposed as illustrated, it is obviousthat the wind-chestv sections 23, 24' and 25 for actuating'v the powerpnenmatics for moving,r tbe hammersv will be located above the key-bed18,-so as to be in convenient position for attacking the piano action.

Itis preferred that all oi: the above enumerated parts of the playeraction be composed of meta-l so as to 'provide a practically rigidassemblage of. parts, and the windchest sections or wind-ways, as wellas the headers orend cheeks are preferably composed of sheet metal, suchas brass or iron, thefsurfaees of which, as well as the surfaces of.all. of the metal parts which are preferred 'hereinbeing provided withprotective'coatings, aso-t nickel, enamel., 81o., which not :onlyproteet'the` metal surfaces against oxidization, but presents' astructure which is exceedingly handsome and attractive, not to mentiondurable. lt is preferred that the frame, comprising parts 19, 22, ttc.,be an open or skeleton one.r

The tracker box or frame 31 supports in any well known or approvedmanner the music sheet rolls 32 and the tracker bar 8f3, as Well as themotor 34 and the transmission mechanism between the motor and the musicrolls.

Referring to Figure 12 in particular, the reservoir 36 forming part ofthe pumping bellows attachment or mechanism is provided 0r connectedwith a wind-trunk 37 having an extension 38 leading from the wind-way 15so` that whensuction is created by the pumping bellows or 'ot-heratmospheric tension created the desired degree of air tension will beestablished in the wind-way 15 and the wind-chest sections associatedwith the player action. A detachable fastening device 39. is preferablyemployed for securing the reservoir .and pumping bellows (the .latternotshown) removably in position. It should be stated, that the trunk 5T,extended downwardly from-the wind-way or wind-chestsection 15, ispreferably in the iorm of a stationary goose-necln'and that when saidparts are made of sheet metal and rigidlyv attached together, as shown,'it Iconstitutes la .rigid pendentneck on said wind-way. -As the bendofthe neck 57 ispresented .rearwardly,as clearly shown in Fig.- 12, sothat. its lower cndyisinclined forwardly, it will be seen that theremovable pumping bellows and the airreservoir .36, which is a part ofthe bellows, may be' readily placed into positionl in'the lower-part ofthe instrument, and thatvthe upper part of the reservoir 1 36 .may bebrought to rest against the .trontlwall ol: the forwardly-inclined lowerend of said neck. Thereupon, the fastening device 39 may. be placed insecuring position and the nut thereot' tightened up to hold the pumpingbellows and itsreservoir 36 rigidly in position. In the exempliicationshown in Figure 9, the keys 40 oi the manual of the musical instrumentoperate on stickers 41` which .move the wippens 42, so that a manualperformance on the instrument may be accomplished independently of theplayer action, while power pneumatics 43 in the form of little bellowsare rigidly secured to theunder sides of the wind-chest sections 23, '24and 25, and the movable leaves of the said pneumatics operate onabstracts or sticker rods 44, which directly attack the wippens42 sothat the player action'may be operated independently ofthek manual ofthe instrument. This method `oflsecuring independency of action 1beis,'n 1 tioncouldA be -secured,: forges `is obv-ions to those skilled`iinthe art, other vmeans torsecuring'this independency ot action may. beresorted to. 'Conduite or tracker-tubes 45 lead vfrom the tracker' bar33130" the 'valve car1 riers46 for admitting atmospherica'ir lo the sameand thesevalve carriers-are preferably inserted into suitableaperturesio'fi the wind` chest `sections :231, 24 and Y 25. .i-Any'suita-ble or well known valve lconstruction.within'tthe 'valvecarriers may -be resortedito 'and such construction vdoesf not Arequireispecific illustration. For-instance,2the constructionshown andndescribedlin the.patent=toWiA; Watson, #1,142,863 datedJune 15"19i15umay beemployed.' mi uv."-

Sewaag The preferred construction and operation of these parts of theplayerare suiciently illustrated in' Figures 1, 2,' 4 and' 5.:.il 7nthese figures the dempers 48 f area operated-:by the dowel .or.actuatorl49, as 'r is= swell? fknownfin the piano artyw-itha view;to'idamping. pthe strings whenever.; the hammersi strike; f them ortoenable the dampersto becremoyed'ffrom the strings iwhen .a .sostenutoori sustained passage is :to be played. ,.;.The 4dowel .onactuatorc49may,lo course, b'e actuated-,Nif desii-ed, by` anappropriate footwpeda'l" when playing manually on; the keys fof thefijnstrue menti f Thepossibility :for sulohl independent performance isillustrated?-hereinamn' A. The sustainingalever or eontrol :member 5G isoperableebyrhand. orfthepurpose of operating i the yfda-nfipers48,siandA nitprojects Jfrom andIl Iis arranged lfor operation .-.in'Athe head orl t'ro'nt 'frail 22; itpbein-g `.mounted ttor thatpurposeon' the f forward-,fendi of :avrocksha r't 1'. f whichY is'mounted .inA suitalbler bearings on said-head22 :andra rea-irailiorcrossbar '52,1-which` Tis.' strung orfrselcuredhon the :forwardlyextending rods 19, on which' said rail is positioned and held -by 4meansofunuts 523. which -workon screw threaded .portions of'said rods4l9.f1\t-its rearend the rock shaft 51; isprovidedcwithfa.1cranlr'arm-.54 which fis 'loosely or rniovablyvIconnectedl Aby means ol a Ilateral 4'link -55 with? a 'iforward crankarm-756 on 'afroc'k Shaft'', said' rock shaft beingcairied byia'plate.;which maybe secured to.tl1.lower end. of vthe left hand header 16inzliorizontali position, said plate beingpreferablyy formed offslieetmetal and having vformed yintegrally,'therevtzithy a tubular` sleeve.60j extendingzllongitudinally thereof and formingfanelongatedibearin'gin which the rocksha-fti may turnJe-A crank arm 61aislocated onwtherearend ofY the rock sha-ft 57, .and preferably .thisirocltshaft and its twocrank-armsfand'l@reformed integrally from I ra f properly bent, sitp iand formed piece ofmetalmodfw: f i

. LOOsely, .guided y in the buterllend 'of' Cmmm'lfs afcoupling'pin .62-which is 66x is admitted v'that zthev air. tension' in `the:

provided at 'its upper end with a buttonor nut 63 for securing the saidpin tosaid-arm and to permit the same yto depend from Vthe said arm.Another buttonor nut 64b-issecured to the lower end of the lcoupling pin62, it being located, under a screw-eye or other 'guide member-.65 throuhtwhichthe said couplingfpinextends so vt at a vrelative movement. oi'the saidcoupling pin and the dowelfoi actuator-49 maybe obtained, Ythesaidy screw-eye being screwed into thesaid dowel.l Itwvill. :beclearthat when the sustaining pedal- .is4 operated thedowel 49 may movewithout communicating itsI movement to the coupling pimn62,eand i'tisalso clear that the coupling pin may be lited/afnd simultaneously liftAthe dowel. Preferably the buttons or'nuts'63," 64 a-resec'uredremova'bliy .on the coupling pin. i Af bellowslike power pneumatic 66has itsupperzleaf fixed firmly inI position. directly under the letthandeudlo therwind-way '15, ypreferably f directly'adjacentfthe header16, so astobe directly to the'right'offthe lower end: of said header;.This :power pneumatic 66' maybe operated.r pneumaticallly with ya'viewto operating on the dowel 49, tosavhich .end there extends, onthe`bias,iacross and underneath the movableleaf otzthe pneumatic 66, Valever 67, one end orwhichfis pivoted at` 68 to apartwhiclnisrigidly'secured, to 'the under side 4ofi the windwvay- I 1:5,:as .indicated in Figures flfzandl 2. l Intermediate of its ends thelever'67 is pivotedi at 69'to a piece on the 'under' side otthe movableleat'I of the pneumatic 66, while the rear end of said lever'isprovidedwith an open fork or yoke 7()v for loosely connecting'the said leverwith therOupling pin 62, which lattercarries-'an' adjustablev button ornut 71, which is located above the forked end off-said lever, so thatthe said coupling pin may be operated by said lever. i

inasmuch as considerable power is necessary to operate the dowel 49, itis preferred tomake the power pneumatic 66 of' a size relativelyr largeascompared-with the other pneumatics, and for they sameI reason itispreferred to employ a pair of valve carriers 72 which are'located" inthe wind-way 15 above and connected with the said power pneumatic andthe valves and puff mechanism may beef any well'known or approvedconstruction. The pairof valve carriers 72 are 'connected meansofa'conduit or tube 7B-with' a.' tracker hole 74 located at one end ofthe tracker bar, as indicatedvin Figure l, so that'saidholeis to oneside of the apertures in 1the trackerbar, which are used for normalperfomance, and this tracker h ole 74 .will admit atmospheric airwhenever any registering. side perforations in thei perforated musicsheet are? in register therewith. It' will be seen 'that whenatmospheric' air wind-way l5 will be caused' to'act upon the powerpneumatic 66, thereby-.operating the pin-62 will be lifted-'withoutoperating the lever 67, inasmuchzasy the said Apin will-slide dfreelythrough the fork 70.' `Alsowhen ythe lever 67 is operated by thepower-pneumatic 6.6, the'couplingpin 62 will be 'shiftedlonfritudignallyand kwilli slidereely through =t e crank arm 6l v'Withoutinterference-thereby'. In -1consequence of these slipv .movements o thecoupling pin 62 therezwill.L be practically no' trictionwcaused :byanyoii lthe otherV arts whenthe sustaining pedal, .the Asustaim'ngmember .56)4` andthe-power pneumatic 661 are respectively operated. I

- Itis preferred that they present described player'actionbelembodied'in ay piano, when itis embodied in a piano, .having adivided hammerrail, as most pianos constructed today are so equipped,for the purpose of ob taining loud and soft playing in either the bassof treble. Mechanism 'for operating either a single hammenrait oradivided hammer rail is illustrated inA Figures' 1:, 2', 6,7 and 8' andin these `figures the hammer rest railf-Zy is .operated by a fork 76onlthe upper end of an actuating rod 77 which in turn ismoved'initially-'through the operation 'of manually controlled levers'or members $78, 79. These manually 'controlled members 7 8,79 are forthe bass and treble,

respectively, and are preferably in close or paired arrangement, and inthe form of angle levers, the anglet portions of which aremountedonfaxed pivot 80: y

The lower arms ot theseV controlmembers operate on leaf or platessprings81, 82-when either or both. of the control members are moved tothe'fleft, although it is obvious that the said springs may be: operatedby a modified construction of control members 78,' 79, in l'which the'latter are movable to the right. -The leaf springs' 81, 82 are iixed attheir-inner ends and' extend forwardly in pairs so that their free endswill project underneath the lower arms ot the control members 78, 79,the said leaf lsprings being provided with padded valve formingfaces83.vl

A speciic description of: the parts associated-with and operable :fromlthe base control member 7 8 will suice for a description of vtheparts-associated with the'treblecontrol member 79, inasmuch-'as theconstruction is the samel or'substantially the same in both cases. v

A conduit ortube'84e is mounted upon the:

rails orjcross-ba-rsl'22 and's52 ,advat-its front end is` 'formed.yvithaz4 portyiwhichz isscon trolled bythe:valve-formingeface 83; Theleaf spring. 81'is 'sosetthatl it normally :closes the outerfend'o'fftheconduit or tube 84, and

' the 1 inner-r end? oflfsaid-f leaf springfmay be anchored or secured.to? afepart-y -on :thai-said' conduitffso ithat it'.Will be :removed'when the frame .r or.: :support inferi the ,maid-conduit is removed 1for, detachedwfronn tthe: i case'- of the? instrument.1.f,w A v .V

IA- i-.valfve parrier.; 85'; is. {insertedz andi` fixedinutile.:xyindvwayiw .and is'afprovided with-- a; puff; and `valves of?approved construction; itstpreferred location# on thei Wind-Way \bei 1;ingr, preferablyi @next ,i 'adj acentlfthe-1 L valve carriers w72,1 so,-thatowhen the poIweri :pneu-4 matic -86 cnnectedzrwith #the valvefcarrier; 85; fis mounted onmthe said 1 avindffway;.vsaidl power zpneumatic avv-,i111 f-hav'e 'a position next;`

l, tothe l:right ofthe power pneumatic. 66, uit being:y :alsopreferably.smaller,l thani thealat-fternA :The movahle; leaf oit` ftheipowertpneua matic 86 iis providediwithadu'g or extension. 87` jwhich-by means of; ia link,88 isl connectedi InovablyI or. looselyf with? aic'rank arm i 89 :on

bearingphe constructed ofiy theisameima#` terial, lsize and fd'unensio1ns.-l as the =f similar. parts v,used-.in connection withathe.v sustaining mechanism;r ln. -zthis i case .1 Ealsol 1the correlsponding,A mechanism lfor -the `treble will. have" L similarly E-dimensioned and proportionedhinge-parts. for simplifying" and`cheape'ningfi the cost of-:manufacture landnasse'mblage.

It 'Willi-,be seen. .from Athe above, descrip-Y tionx .of ,theA'hammer'. 5 rail: ioperating -mecha l l f nism thatythesameimay'lbe-operated pneu matically from a pneumatic mechanismfsuplz;ported entirely -from.the player-'faction .for from a wind-way esuchas-15andthe,frame associatedtherewith, land that if .the hammer raillie-.a` dividedone .that provisionl is made for.' playing soft or loudon either, .the bass orftheftrebleb Theqother partsllus-'i trated. 'in 1connection W-ith the ,treble mecha'-y nism are. the same or?substantially .the samey Vas `for-.the bass .and thereference numeralsapplied tliereto-arethev same withtheex-.gk ception that each has-anexponent isuch' sas.. 84,.etc.= a 2 This. .v lmechanism comprisespreferably. means .for carrying a theme throughfa performance thytheplayer actionor vfor .carry-: ing a solo or 'for accenting any givennotes or phrases, rdependent lupon rparticularz side perforations whichl'are cut I into ai perforated l musiciA sheetl @This mechanism Visamply' dis#l closed" by"-.:"l `igures-1,f .12, ;9, :10 and. 11 fandVcomprises a. mainzor cutf-outzvalve `95, shown inf; Figurey y 9,-4 which@is wai-ranged'. ini: one or both headers or end cheeks, depending .uponwhether. it; is desired |tol .producefsuchz-'ezgpressionronly in Lthe.--bass or'infthe itreblei 01min"I both fof them-.u The '-='eutout fvalve l;-95y may 752 beifsaid to be a.'sort Aefe switching valve foriswitching,"I fas. rdesired, ceither tofrlou'd or: 5to soft playing forexpression suchnasfstatcds A'zregulator lpneumatic 96 preferably othcbellows ftfype is; shown las mountederingvertif. 8o; @al iposioneuponthefheade'r .a6 .at-the i left; andi it?. communicates i at @its opposite eends-y withy .the anterior, ofx said headen by meansf oapertures 97hand-198,3 ,'respctivelyn UA1 port 99f leading to' ithe iapertue'ySIisfocmf/ '8&2 trolled from` therbellov'vs pnematicft) -Wliem a 4lever.ori sciors valve 100 Eis; operated by. th'e ,1 pneumatic to f throttleithe. 1 saidi i port.,- Such..y atfbellows ,2 pneum atie.; .is 'offitselaf old in-theartzf; we.; uw fao '.uw'li wi 90SL f A i valve .seat101 is fixed transversely-of, the'lleadeiz'lfand is' providedifwithalargeI opening-jor) porti .which emay# be@ opened or closedl by meansv/of the-,outo1itvalv'e 95., Said: valve is Iprovided'with 'a valveitent95 z 102ian'd-1thefvalve may'gravitate away; from the 5 valve.seat-i101,dueztoz;ther llaotffthat the r lowert end of; the.-.valvestem= is? lin; Contact With ,a flexible-diaphragm 10B-within a?p headf104.- rlmFigureQthefvalve 95 isshown 100 as g open.,4 -TheIpufl'ifproper or `thatipart of: the' ypu'ffmhead 4104zvvl1ich fis at theopposite? side. of the `diaphragm .103. is by] means( 'ofz a i conduit.orl tube .10a-connected with! a valve.: oarrien or casingf 1106,. .whichlis inserted into:- 10 5 the, Wind-,Way `l5; and.the-valve;.mechanisn1-. within the same may.- besoffany.:desirable1construction. lOne aconstructionwis illustrated-VH. f`-e,:"-".i'.=.=f."| wwf L.The ,valve carrier iis' provided'. Withvlarge f 110side apertures A'located inthe Wind,vvay,v and, subject. a toI ithe,.control of 'the v 'air l tension, j Within lthe. fvvind-vvay4v there*is a" :puf 107. Whiohis` connected by means ofla c onduitor trackerftube 108 .with a tracker holey 109, 115 showni-at'one end of thevtrackeryibar in.-Fig ure X1. Atmospheric air.` admitted@ tby, v .theperforated` musicy sheet through ithe.. tracker 1 conduit; 108-.vvillf-op ose the i air `tension .in

the lwind-wayl a alve carrier V106 ycon- 120 tain's aivalve stem: 110whichcarries-outside ofthe windT-Wayl tvvovalves 111,112, respectively,and has control tports 113. and

. 111.v Said"y valves are arranged infthe .valvechamberllvofttlievalvecarrienvand the 125 port 113` lestablishescommunication 'between the i valvechamber iand the-Wind-Way. 15, y Whilep'ortv1.14' establishes .communication with a..conduit or=tube= 116leading from' the orifice controlled by a valve forming port ses? eve.

mummy.

verse;Y divisions oni-fw vv1 .I locetedvnrefereblgnear theInidlength11of'-said sectionsff so' i 'as 2&2 to divide said sectionsinto bass andfftrehle portions; resp'ectiyely, ifit be-desirefl toproduce the'feitpression incident to 1 the present Hescrfbedii meehazsm-1 inizbotlr thefbass' and, the treble- 1 Suchdvisons or wells 1eretexi-1 or: fmeml'ernl isA 'another-1f member f 124? for: eentro'llingithe expression ih.' the treble# iilitg is not 1niecessarfyb to ldescribe :in detail y y thefp'rts iissociatedriln l thfisconnecton: withthe treble: 'as 3 they g :tre fthe 'same 4or substantiallyfgthe samesfas1 the Epsirts associated 1 with. the =bass, :for acconplishing isimi-1er .funetionsx Hwevergthe 'corresponding parte in 4 0 I theYtr'eblebear. the i siamefireference 'numbers f the treble expressionmechanism actsi'w'il'l" a 5l clear' from'A 'al ,generali 'descriptionofi the 'of'- the expression 'mechanisml 'of' the l balsem 'Seey Figureb9. Ifftheoperator'fdesires -tosoftenthe 'bssg and 'opens -the man:uully-controlled valve'v 118, Yattmos'pheric air i willi rush? into-'thetube 116' in Which'rthere vwlve,uglprbvidedr the? :player mechanism visbeing,- operatedl fami playing 'The pressure I of theadmittedali' willAtheir -aot`=upon1 #he 555i talee 01" theA 'valve 1212;: and'overbalancef the open theivwlvet admit pressure :tiren-to the chelmberiof vslve-fegwrierg 106 v1- The "1p1-es i 6u L sure firlnowi'enters i theAtube 105,1 and E:rotsA erteld' 'only through the: '-restrictecl'vlay-pessovieledE by the regulator-pneumatic 196.

u ,eerg @myl sheet registering Withthesf'correspondng bass tracker-holewill admit atmospheric-,air

into the tube 108, soy thatrthe pressure fair Will-.then act .upon-fthev 'diaphragm 103 and' suddenly throw: o'pen'the Valve v95;"thusyfemphasizing the note oorres'pondingf'to' lthe perforation? i brought'-.in registry vWith s'altracker-hole--i This'emphassffis vdue'tvothe, u

suction, inasmuch :Ls-the same 1is free to open: valvey -11112 enough-to permit -it to influence the #diaphragm f 103, the atmospheric@pressureson'the daphr-'agmflOT andthe valve 1512- balancing each othervand permitting suction :tofectl with full freedom on thedia- Phlitgm1071.1 f: Y

This-mechanism' is'illustrated"in'its-pre-l ferred form in Figures1512,12 and'13. It

is f connected lWith and'si'nfluences the'fmtorf Jforthe:forwardwmo'ement lof the perforated music sheetin playing a rpiece ofmusie andv for unl accelerated movement lof the motor l'onreWinding thesheet or -or'stoppingfthe sheet where desired, andi falso influences'lthe proved construction.` The motor windetrtinlt-125-lezillsfrom'themotor-34 endthe tempol governor-'1262 to l one sideofI the Ewindi-trunk" 3,7 i which leads tofthe-'ir ftemsiolingbellows.4`

In passing it -ma-yffhe ren'i'ulked'thatA the Cori'-A stpuotion o''theternpoegovernor'may, -i'f clesireth-be asshown in priorLettersPetent to'f Eustis & Brown,

. A imn-ual' sollt-rol ymember or'- letjer 1217 mountedinthe-head orAfront rail'122, it being preferably in the ferm 'of' ab leverWhiohispivoted":115,128= and is conneete'd by ineins of a =link1129 rtoin vertical lvroelrsh'a-lf 130Vwhiohfis mountedlt thelrg'hthanll sideof' `the I player' action f sind ywhich 1 is connected atits upperencl'wlth'th'e' tempo-vla]Vev slide" rolls' 2131;; so thatthe-filmefor'f 'playiigf rthe pieee ol? music may be? changed, theeheh-gie' of 'time-being-inclicated, in larry Well known or preferredmanner, just belowv the music rolls' if-clesrecl. y l

Aman'ul Control memher or lever 132 is shown 'im-Fignre'lgs arranged'tiponf the front rzt'ilorheafd 22 betweenfthe contr'ol' members 78"and127'` This member is pref-5' erably inthel formof a lever, pivotedat 133 and lconstitutes* the rewind or shortvstop member. whichlismanually-controlled and initiates .the adjustment and movements of theparts which are Acontrolledby it.` VThe pivot 133 takesthexformofv-aroclrlshaft, which is mounted in suitablefbearings in the head orfront rail 22v and inthe back rail l52 audits rear .end is'extended .andconnected by link 134 witha crank ,a-rmjonia-ertical shaft 135which isadaptedto shift the-gears between the motor and themusicroll's whenrewinding the sheetA of. music.4 A coupling` arm or gear shifting cranklflslfarranged, at the upper end of the Frock shaftxlland; isfadaptedfor detachablel connectiomwith the gearshaftrod 137.

Thereis arrangeddnlthe upper pa for horizontal extension Yof the trunkVIVfrom the .wind-way. E15 a ,cut-outor Erewind.kwali/'e 13S-Which, isadapted les Open endfelesean ample aperture surroundedby a; yalye seat.139 Efixed transyerselyingthe upper ,perfil 0f said trunk 37.l I,Extending,rearwardlyvfrom the `Valve. 138.., is -a stemlOlwhich-isvarrangedincontact with `the flexibledia-` phragm lofthepuffi head 14:1 whichislocated at the rear end of horizontal portion ofAthe wind-trunk 37. At the other side of the diaphragm of said puffheadthere is arrangedv a port 142 which is normallylosed by aspringvalve .143, which ,valve isgadapted tobeopened. and closedby meansof acaming'member 144`r (see Figure 13)'which extends from theroclrshaftl, thisbeing the shaft which is rocked byjn'eans ofthemanually controlled member 132. di 1;@ L,

E,It ywill be seen that whenit is desiredvto rewind .the perforatedsheetof -musie it-is only necessary to operate the manually controlled member132.l so as to cause the cam member 144 to open thel valve ll'itherebyadmitting atmospheric air inback of' the diaphragm of the puff141,.fhereby moving the yalvefto closed position. Thiswill .out ofi' thewind-'way 15 and .hence-fthe windchest sections which operate-g thehammer power pneumatics fromthe atmospheric-,tem sion created by .thepower bellowsand ,will enable full tension to be exerted through themotor wind-,trunk 125. -UWhen the valve 143 is closed normal conditions.will be estab= lished for running the motor. lso as to move theperforated music sheet for playing the.

piece of music perforated therein. l

, It is preferred that the forwardla7 extendineA horizontal portionofithe head or'front rail 122 be covered as bya strip ofhard rubber 14.5fixed theretmaudwhich constitutes he finishing .coifering for-,thesaidrexpression head or rail, said strip being provided with suitable`holes or slotsgl `through which portionsof the manually controlledmembers may protrudeand be exposed for manipulation by they onei-gwho isplayingthe be obvious how thepartsl of the player action proper,- the.`sustaining orl damper mechanism, the divided lhammer-rail aetion, thethematictsolo and .accent mechanism, and the tempogovernorgand rewindmechanismifwhich are illustrated by the F drawings, .or theriequiva'lentoft; such. described-parts, mayall perform their separaterfunctions incofjordination withveach other;` for obtaining the.'desiredperformancevlof aipiece-of-music iin simulationof manualplayingfl`;f w .'.jfAsi'has' `already been; stated, :all parts of the mechanismhereinj described, withA the exeeptionrof suchy parts `asrnust--haveiiexibility, aareldesirablymade of metal, preferablysheetametalwherever` that can be usediuslllheresheet metalis'used -it isclesirableande practical'- as. -a manufacturing proposition that asmanyparts` asipossible of the construction beofrsimil'ar-.shapef andproportions. Obviously-all parts which are detachable from each-other,shouidbe properly 'packed or A felted, 'amdl all. such parts .asthe-,valves shouldylrareesoftfaces asy by .felting them.k :It will: alsoi be yobvious to those? familiari; withlthisgrart, vthat the diaphragmsof the puffs be providedgwith bleedflloles. ip I "w j i .'I

For; vthefbest formmf Athe-invention -itis preferredthat they-parts ofthe player actionibe .self-c'ontainedgibut it is obvious that thekmalwally-operated f; lcontrol devices, Y, -or those operated-.from thenotelsheet, as well as the parts which areinfluenced thereby, may bedifferently-supported. I f.. i

-When the Istationary parts, of. the player action aref-composedotsheet-metal, -or the like, the metal parts of the playeraction willimpart firmnessrto the structure,` and it is believed that theyvwillimprove the tone qualities, ras well astheresponsiveness of the ,actionofy themusieal instrument. to the player action, whether the playeraction is newly manufactured -or 1has been longin-use, -So as `tosimulate fthemusical tones producedby .manual playing ascloselyvaspossible. This result is in vpart-accomplished'byfthe-.possibilityl of reducingr the total linear dimensions :of all air.passages, thereby producing lessffrictidn fof theair-in said passages.

One way fin ,which'fthe player actioninay be attached'to-the case of anvinstrument shown. "if The flanged ends'27 .fofthe lower headers may.be' formed .with upturned portions or webs 27?, which-arey providedwith screwholes to receive screws-which,if' the musical instrument gisanupright piano,'fmaybe screwed intoA the lwooden `-end-cheeks .of vthewill be located,

piano-case. By 'such `means the lplayer action may be readily attachedto or ldetached from the case of the instrument. f

rom the standpoint of installation into, and the adaptability to, thecase of zan up'- right piano, it Will be seen that the pretei-red'construction of player action 'may be readily applied to the case andthat the various members o r parts thereof when assembled and' 'soapplied, l:in 'proper vposition' for carrying out their respectivefunctions, and thatthe adjustable and detachable connectio'nsrwill heso-placedas to be conveniently 'accessible Jfor adjustment, vremovalorrepair, thereby constituting a comparatively cheap 'and easilyVinstalled mechanism, considering the many advantages which are gained)by its construction and `tufnctio,ual characteristics. 'It will heobvious to those 'skilled -inthe art that the modificationsindicated,aswell :is other modifications of the" intention, may be resorted to,without departingff'io'm the scope #of the claims.

What we claim asnew is: 'V '1. In a player inech'anisn'rtor musicalinstruments, separate, manua'lly-operated, Acontrol means for varyinglthe style of playing, and the control-manuals thereof, -aill gro11'1e`dltogether upon the instrument fas' a removable unit, and a Wind-chestsection included in said unit. 'I f y 2. In a player mechanism formusical instruments, separate, manually-operated, {control means forvaryingthe 'style of: playing,

and the control-manuals "thereof, all-'grouped together belouv the keysof the instrument as a removable unit, and a Wind-chestsect'io'nincluded in saidf'unit. '1 i y j In a player `lmechanism'io'r imusicalinstruments, separate, manua'll'yl'ope'ratedi,f'conA trol means' torvarying the style of playing', and 'grouped together be'low the keys otthe instrument as a removable unit, and a wind'- chest section includedin said unit, in combination with the player-mechanism proper above thekeys, comprising a Windgc'hest structure detachably connected with 'saidWind-chestsection.

4. In a player rnechanismvt'or keyed 'musi-4 cal instruments, aWind-chest"section, and manually-operated -enpression control means' andthe control-manuals thereof slipp'ortedi from said section.

5. gIn al player mechanism for :keyed musical instruments, a wind-Chestsection,'and manually-operated expression control means and theconti'ol-manuals thereof suppo'rted from said section, all underneaththe keys;

6. In a player mechanism Jo'rkeyed mu'sical instruments, a Wind-chest'sectionto- Wards the rear ends ot the 'keys,a manuallyn operatedexpressiony control means. and the control-manuals thereof supported onsaid section, @said section being connected with the control-manualsthereoj'tmounted Wholly onlsaidsupporting means, all underneath A thekeys. l' 1 l 4"9.- In a'pl'ayer rnechanism for musical instruments, aWind-chest'secition, 'an-'open supporting franie moun'ted'threonandcoinprising' roii't and rear 'barsrods'v connectingsid hars," andmanually-,operated control'nieais the control-iiianualstherefmmntedlonsaid'fianie i .I i ""10'; In 'ttlplfayer ch' ni'srn `fory niusical'instruinen/rits", Yafit'irfdichest section, an'--'open supportingffraine inuiited thereon vand vco'rnp'rising'fronlt and reanbar'sand;rods-mn'-l necting said hars, and A manually-'operated centro-1''ineens and the l`control-vrnanuais nieren meenten* en ,sai-d1 name, auunder-l natlitlieley's. l l' ''lf'fIni a p'l'ayermeclianism for.'musical ins'fts, "Wind-Chesty section f'W'rd 'the rear ends f'the keys,an hpen supporting trame mounted thereon'and comprsing'front and e'arba'rsand rods connecting sai'd bfars, said front 'bar' lb'eing.i'nfzidi'far'-ic'eV of said keys andl manuallyU-"operated ctintrol"-means mounted fon"said"fraii,ieand 'having the in. itialrnr'f'ingfpart'sf'thereot associated 'with said frontfb'arl :'1'2.aplayer mechanism tor lr'il'sical 'iiiraIWi'nd-'chest section, anopensiipL porting frame mepntec. 'meteen' and ceinpi'sin'g 'front' and'rear *bars fnd' lro'ds connecting fsaid bars, means for 'detaih'ab'lysecuring said' lframe to said" windfche'st section;and,'manually-'operated control 'means niountedon said 'if-rame." i

i 13. In a v}; la'y`fer mechanism 'for niu-'si'c'al in` struments, an'open supporting ltrarne," coni` prising detacliably connctel lengthsolf Imaterial arranged' in rectangular "form, and manuallylopeated control meansni'ounted on said frame. f

14. In a playermechanism'or keyed musical instruments, gafstatio'naifv:A supporting` frame, and manually-operated control meansmountedon'said frame, all lunderneath the key-bed, and-controlmanuals'fo'r the control means which project 'afivayffrom tlie 'frontportionfolc the'frame in adyan-ceo'f the keys.

' In a player 'mechanism' lfor keyed m'usical instruments. I 'asupporting 'frame' belon the key-bed, 'a v stationary member separatefrom the key-bed, and 'with which 'said-trarne VAframe extending in aplane substantially,

-is removably but vrigidly connected, 'said parallel with the saidkey-bed to a position instruments, a supportingI`Ifra1ne, compris- *ingfrontI and rear parallel bars, thefront bar beinglocated inthefrontfedgefof the key-'bed andthe rearbar towards tlie'rear edgethereof, `said frame` being underneath the keysftransverse rodsconnecting said bars and lmanually''-op'erated''control means,

mounted on said bars.'

17. In a player vmechanism for.. musical instruments, a. wind-chestsection," support- "ing means' relatively narrow with .respect to ythelength of said section,l and`loca-te'd on yond the keys, andseparat@manually-op- 'Ierated, control' means,lgroupedl` together Ionand extending lforwardly frofw f afppIroximately the mid-lengtlr-of saidection'to -besaid "si'ipportingI means.'y

narrow supporting means onv and 'extending forwardly V`fromapproximately the"`mYid l length ofsaid section to beyond the keys,

and separate, manually-operated,` control means, grouped together'onsaid sup'iorting means,`said 'elements'being' assembled as,I a

rer'novablefroml the instru- Il9. In a player mechanism formusica-linstruments, a wind-chest section, relatively I narrow supporting meanson and extending forwardly fromy approximately the'- mid- A length ofsaid section Ito'beyond thokeys,

and' separate, manually-operated;control means, grouped together 'onsaid supporting means, said :elements being assembled' as 'I a unit,which is removablefrdin the instrument, and ybeing located beneath thelief-fs, said controlmeans having control-m nuals in front of said keys.I I I '20. In 'a player mechanism for musical instruments, a wind-chestsection, supporting means relatively narrow with respect to the lengthof said section, and located on and extendingforwardlyY from approxi-`mately the mid-length ofsaid section, and

separate, manually-operated, control means,

' grouped together on vsaid supporting means,

the wind-chest section and supporting means' being` detachablyconnected.'

v21.111 a player mechanism 'for musical instruments.I 'a wind-chest'section, and separate, control-manuals supported fremsaid section.' t.22. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, a wind-chest section,and separate, control-manuals supported from approximately themiddle-portion of said section.

23. In a player mechanism for n'iusca EST? aware 1;4ao'-,517

I ,i fr'nou'nted on saidframe. *1S/In a player".mechanismiformusicalvinstruments, a wind-'chest section, relatively I instruments, a tubular,I metallic, wind-chest IIsection, and separate, control-manualssupported `IfromIsaid section. f

I In aI playerl'ffmeclianismfor musical instruments, wind-.chest'sect-iemand separate, manually-operated, .ex-pression vcontrol I meansand 'control-manuals. therefor snpported from saidsection,js'aid.section and control meansA beingiassembled inthe in-Asection,a relatively,narrow .metallic sup- .-portingI'Iframemounted onsaid sectiomat :approximately `the IkiInid-Ilengththereof, and control[means and control-manuals therefor 27. In .fa player fmechanism fo Imusical `instruments, a ,wind-chest `structure comprising a 'series ofwind-chest, sectionsof approximltely-the same vl'ength'and anuprightheader extending transversel. II of l*and Abelow the lcey-bedythe ,lowerof sai sections being below said bed. y f

2S. Ina, a .'playerI mechanism: forsmusical instruments, a ,wind-chest;:structure r comprising a seriesof wind-chestsections and an uprightheader extending `transversely of the.)

key-bed to apoint below it,- the lower of said sections being below4said bed, said sejotions being separable fromeach other ata jointwhichisflocatedin said header above said lower section. w 29. In avplayerlhmechanism for, .musical instruments, a {wind-chest '.structure.com- I prisingval, series ofJwind-chest sections of approximatelythesaine length and an upright ioo header extending transversely ofthekey-It .,lietl, (the lower vof said sections being below' said bed,ysaid sections being separable from each other at a joint ,which islocated in said header directly; aboi'e said lower section.

80. ln a player mechanism for musicale.

"instruments, Ia wind-chest structure com-` y ,prising a seriesoff-metallic lwind-.chestsections of approximately the same length andmetallic Yupright headers extending trans- I fuerselyof-tli-e,lrey-bed,fthe lower .Iofsaid sections being below said bed,said sections being separable from each other at joints which are'located in said headers directly above said lower section.

3l. In a player k 'mechanisml for musical,

"instruments, zin-assembly of elements constituting avIfunit-extendingfrom the rearl forwardlytothe front of the keys, fixed vremovablyas suchin theinstrument, and comprisine` supporting-means, and members for-con-I- trollng the expression mounted thereon, and

hai-*ingr manually-operated partsfor effect-z ally-operated partsorieiiectingthetuncingtlie'diuncti'oiiing thereof. f .tioninofiof saidexpression members. said 32. ln va player mechanism or.musical wind-iest section andsupporting means beinstruments, an assembly ofelements consti-" ing in afsubstantially horizontal plane. tutingaunit-'fixed removably as such in the 38. In a player mechanism formusical instrument, and comprising supporting instruments,anassemblypfelements conmea'ns, including a head-rail, and members l,stitiiti ngaunit, xed lr eii iovably as such befor controlling the expressionmounted onli neat-li y the 'keysf windsaid supporting means and having;inanuall y- ;hest section,f supporting.. .means fjthereon,

for effecting i thejtunctionirrg thereof, tlie",teinpo,faiid for.contr'oll-ingA the..damp.errail key-.bed otfthe instrument having alongi-v vand hammer-rail, mounted.`...on .said .sup-

tu'dinal lrecess lwhich receives saidrail.`

abra-ng means, ,and having.weliswa-' instruments, an assembly 'ofelenicntscpnst-itutin'g a unit, fixed 'removabl as'siichfinthe iinstrument`v and. comprising,r supporting for co trolling theexpressionf mounted on said supporting means, and havingjinanu-"ally-'operated parts,'protrudiiigthijough said mii, for ,erecting niejfuriiqniiigfiiegefl ai.' chaesgforxmasial instruments, the piiinpers, anY assembly of instrument, aiidv'll comprising means, members for,controlling theexpression mounted on said supportingmeans', and''elements constitutir'ig a unit,l xed ijemov Afably vas such in therinstrunien-t and located Ak,above the pui'npers, `:ind 'comprisingsupporting means, and members for controlling i the'expr'ession' and theexpression pneumatics S0` mounted on said supporting.'me'ansljsaidmembers having manually-.operated partsr for'eileeting the'u'nctioningthereo'h instruments, a pneumatic playeraction, thepunfipers, an assembly of elements constitutingma `unit,.i` ixedremovably as suoli infthe Supportmg harinaT manually-operated partsfor'efeeting'the" fiinctioiiiiig,tlieioof, and a Windchestor vfair-mainsection'l leading from the pneumatic yaction to `the pumping,r Vbellowsand Jfrom which' said'supporting means extend forwardly.

3G. In a player mechanismfor musical instruments, .an assemblyo4elements constil tilting a unit, fixed lremovablyfas such in theinstrument and extending lforwardly'therein,

and comprising supporting means, members Vfor controlling theexpression, including ln`iea'ns"i"o r operating;l the hammer-rail 'andmeans for opznatin-frI vthe damper-rail,4 mounted on said supportingmeans, andV having manually-operated.parts for Aeffecting thefunctioning thereof.

37. In a player mechanism-for musical instruments, an assembly ofelements consti- .tut-ingr a unit, fixed remoiably as such di- 'reetlybeneath the keys, and comprising -a windchest section` supporting meansthereon, and members for controlling the expression and tempo, and'A forcontrolling the damper-rail and liammer-raiL-mounted on Asaidsuppoitingineans, and having manusaid, expression*membersand primarycon.-

. members meshes-leadingramne-Climb@ fiiieaiis, including a head-rail,andfinembers 'a :substantiailly lioriZQntal, plane,and said-,..P11e.1.1i.r1ati.c fitienfefiedegn a nlaneisubystantiallyratfijiglit'angles to 'fsectioii andsiippoitiilgineansu-f 39.In .a' play'er 'mechanism onqmusical instruments, a Windchest section 'I and,hol-

low uprights orl cheeks,. at tlie e i ids ofsaid sec'ti '.in, I 1 oi.said .partsot metal and-. on-` stituting metallivst-i'u'cture, and,supported thereby pnuinatics, v ',alyesq siicli as :those for expressionand lthe like, butnther thanthe action strikenpneumatics and yalves.

instruments, a Wind-chest section and hollow uprights or-cheeksatftheendsof--said section, andcon'stituting a hollow structure. and,supported thereby, pneumatics and valves, such as .thoseffonexpressionand the like, but other `than.theaction striker-pneumatics andValves,'-and bearings. for the. moving parts, alsoincorporatedinsaid-structure.

'41. In a player mechanism for musical in-. struments a .wind,cli c'stsection having holloivupright-s or cheeks at its ends, an open frameVextending,r li.approximately at right angles to said cheeks, saidpartsibeing :of inetal andirigidly connected-as a iinit constitutingametalliogstructure, in Ecombinatioii`-with p'neuniatics'and maires,suohas those for expressionv and the-like, but other than the actionstriker-pneumatics .and valves. mounted on said structure. andpneuinatically-operated control parts for said first pneumaticsand;valves, mounted-on said frame.

42. In a player mechanism for musicalins truments, @Wind-chest. sectionhaving holloriT uprights orcheeksat its ends, ,an open frame extendingapproximately ,at right angles to said cheeks, said parts being of metaland rigidly connected as a unit .con-

stituting a metallic structure, in combina- 210. In la player mechanismfor .musical-- operated partsfprotruding from' said rail, m einb ersfoifcontrolling'theexpression andi75 'ndfchesta r9 0 iio tion withpneumatics and valves, such as those for expression and the like, butother than vthe action strilrer-pneumatics and valves, mounted on and insaid structure, and pneumatically-operated control parts for said irstpneumatics and valves. mounted on said frame, said wind-chest sectionbeing located below the key-bed, and

vsaid-metallic st-ructure with its said supported parts being fixedremovably in the instrument.

,43, .In a` player mechanism for musical instruments, the combination ofa damper- ,rod, a wind-chest section, a bearing at one end thereof,control and operating members` one of which latter 1s ]ournaled 1n saidboaring, and a connecting-stem` between said` operating member and saiddamper-rod.

44. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, the combination of adamper-rod,

a wind-chest section, a bearing at one end thereof, control andoperating members, one

of which latter is journaled in said bearing.v

and a connecting-stem between said operating member and said damper-rod,and means for operating said damper-rod pneumatically through thetracker, comprising a power-pneumatic having its movable leaf connectedwith said stem, the connections said valve-casing, a tracker-tubeleading to said valve-casing, and means for connecting` the movable leafof said pneumatic with said damper-rod for a direct vpull on a linesubstantially parallel with the said rod.

46. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, the combination of ahammerrail operating-rod, and means for pneumatically operating saidrod, comprising a conduit provided with a manually-controlled valve atone end, a wind-chest section, a valve-casing having primary andsecondary valves and inserted in said section, and protruding at itsouter end beyond said. section, the other end of said conduitv connectedwith said casing, and a power-pneumatic mounted on said section andcommunicating with said valve casing, the movable leaf of whichpneumatic is connected with said hammer-rail operating-rod.

47. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, the combination of ahammerrailioperating-rod at each end of the instrument for bass andtreble, and means for pneumatically operating said rods, comprising aconduit provided with a manuallycontrolled valve at one end, ahorizontal wind-chest section extending from side to side of theinstrument, one such conduit being associated with each end of saidsection, a valve-casing at each end of said section having primary andsecondary valves and inserted in said section transversely thereofy theother end of each of said conduits connected with one of said casings,and a power-pneumatic mounted on eachend of said section andcommunicating with said valve-casings,fthe movable leaves of whichpneumatica are connected with said hammer-,rail operating-rods.

48. In a player mechanism for musical instruments,v the combination of awindchest section, a header or hollow end-cheek thereon, having aninternal vvalve-seat, a cut-out valve in the lower part of said cheek tocontrol its seat opening, a pneumatic, mounted on and opening to saidcheek by by-pass ports at opposite sides of saidvalveseat, and having avalve controlling the said ports, a puri" at the lower end of saidcheek, and manually-controlled pneumatic expression means for acting onsaid vpuif to operate said cut-out valve for obtaining soft toneeffects.

49. In a player mechanism for musical instruments` the combination of awind-chest section, a headerA or hollow end-cheek thereon. having aninternal valve-seat, a cut-out valve in the lower part of said cheekto'control its seat opening, a pneumatic, mounted on and opening to saidcheek by by-pass ports at opposite sides of said valve-seat, and havinga valve controlling the said ports, a puffl at the lower end of saidcheek, and manually-controlled pneumatic expression means for acting onsaid puff to operate said cut-out valve for obtaining soft tone eifects,said wind-chest section and pneumatic eX- pression means being locatedunder the keybed.

50. In a player mechanism for musical instruments,v the combination of awind-chest section.v pneumatically-operated means, having a cut-outvalve, associated with said section for obtaining a normal or arestricted dow of air through said section, and a valve-casing vinsertedinto and communieating with said section and provided with a puffandvalved-openings, one of which openin gs connects said section andsaid pneumatic means, and the other is adapted to admit atmospheric airto said pneumatic means, whereby the restricted flow of air andconsequent soft tones may be produced through the operation of saidcut-out valve.

5l. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, the combination of awind-chest section, pneumatically-operated means, having a cut-outvalve, associated with said section for obtaining a normal or arestricted flow of air throughs'aidsection, and a1 Valve- 1 casinginserted into and communicating connects said lsection-:and saidpneumatic imeans, and the other isradapted to ladmit atmospheric air tosaid pneumatic means, and manually-controlled means forA admitting'atmospheric air,fwhereby the restricted flow ot'air and consequentsotf'tones may be produced through thezoperation of'said cut- 1 outvalve.

52. In aff-player mechanism tor musical instruments, the i combination:otv af Wind-chest section, pneumatically-operatedfmeans, hav- .ing acutout-valve,associated with'` said section for-obtaining Aa 'normal orare --stricted flow; of air throughrsaid section; and

a valve casing'inserted intof and communicating fwith said vsectionv andprovided with a puffi and-- valved-,openings-,J one' of nwhich-.openings :connectswsaid seetion iandlifsaid pneumatic zmeans, andthefother i`s"a'dapted to admi-tfatmospheric-fair tozsa/id pneumaticmeans, and manually-'controlled mean-'sf -ffor `admitting atmosphericair, whereby the restricted flow of=airandconsequent soft :tones f, maybe produced through theifoperation of said cut-out valve, saidWind-chest-seetion,

lvalve-casing" and manually-controlled Ameans :being 1 located belowythe fkeys.

f fstruments,y the combination of a Wind-chestsection,-pneumatically-operatedmeans,4 haring acut-outivalve,-assoc1ated with said sec- 3nlnfaplayerfmechanism formusical intion for .obtaining a normaler 'a restricted i flow of ainthrough saidiseetion; and far-vali' casing inserted 'intof andcommunicating with said-section and' provided with a 'puff andvalved-openmgsaone of Whichfopemngs connects saidl section and said"pneumatic-means, andy the. other is adapted to l.admitatmospheric-airt0 said-pneumatic-means, wherebv the restrictedf-tloW-rof airA-and-consecpient soft tones mavY be produced through the operation ofsaidcut-ont valve,'and Va tracker conduit leading to said Apuitlforfobtaining accents during such'soft efectsor for obtaining asoie-effect.

5l. ln a player mechanism, for-keyed musical instruments@manuallyoperated,

control actions, separate .from'each other and for varvinr the st le ot)laying and-their e t. y l .f c?

.control-manuals all 'grouped together .belenvv the key-bed and upon theplayer mechanism as distinguished from'the caseand key-bed of theinstrument.

55. In a player mechanism or musical instruments, a windchest sectionandsupporting means mounted thereon,\said lmeans -comprising front andrear bearings and connections mounted in said hearings, and manuallivoperated control means on said connectiens.

56. .ln a player mechanism tor musical iniii-,430,517

ing means mounted thereon'under and sepa-v ijate Jfrom the key-bed, saidmeansoomprising front and rear bearings andi'c'onnections mounted insaid vbearings and fmanually operated controlmeans rigidly supported onsaidconnectionsunderthe key bed.

In a player@ mechanism fori'keyed musical instruments, supporting meansunder -tlie'key-lfie-d, control =action connections -Jonfsaid means",lsaid ycoln'ie'ctions 'extending approximately to th'ef'ront'otl the"instruf vment; and control-manuals for the iront-endsfvofsaidfconnections saitlfmanuals beinglsup- "ported fromiisaidsupportingneans.v

59.; In a*player-lmechanismfor' keyed #musical instruments,` supportingmeansv un'- =der, and supported. `for fmovement Without 'movement of,the 'key-bed,-1control Iaction #connections kon said' supportingmeansand 'lcontiol-'mamials for the'lront ends' of said vconnectionsandwhichare :supported by' and .ziremovablewith the-removal ot'saidsupporti-i'ngmeans. 'j

(30. -In'a player `mechanism for musical instruments, the combination ofa'nvind-chest section,l pneumatics 'and valves, such as those lforexpression and for'=varyiiig the 'style of playing, but other 'than theactionstrikerpnenmatics and'valves', mounted 1 on the Wind-chestsection,= controlfp'arts` for-said -ffirst mentioned pneumaticsandValvesl and "carried by the 'wind-'chest'section vindependingr -neekattached to said wind-chest section,

`and a bellows attached to said'neck. I '611. In a--player mechanism forkeyedmusical instruments, "a' sh eeti -metal Wind-warf 4beneath thekey-'bedand a 4dependingsheet -metalneck permanently attached to saidWind-'Way' and? being rof suiicien't I'length fo ithe attachment of abellows, in combination Awith abellows supported byK said neck.

.62. In a player mechanism ormusical in- "struments, a Wind-Way,- and adepending -neck attached-to-said .wind-way, in combi- -nation with meansfor creating' air tension, and 'a fastening bolt and nut, said boltpassin across said neck and providing. with said nut, meansfordetachably connecting said tension meansjto 'said neck.

63. In a' player mechanism for keyed musical instruments, a playerstructure com- Aprisingrplayer parts, above. and below the key-hed, Saidstructure having' a supporting -member' below the key-bed, and controlmeans for said player parts and the control- -manuals thereof, below thekey-bed, Asaid llO prising two separable superposed units withplayerparts, above and below the key-bed,

and control means for said player parts, below the key-bed, and a case,in combination with means for attaching the unitary lower portion ofsaid stiucture rigidly to said case,V

and means for supporting the unitary upper portion of said structure onthe lower por tion thereof.

66. In a player mechanism for keyed musical instruments, the combinationof a windway beneath the key-bed, expression control means and thecontrol-manuals thereof associated with said wind-way, and supportingmeans for the control-manuals reinovably connected with the wind-way,said supporting means having upwardly-extending portions for attachmentto the key-bed.l

67. In a player mechanism for keyed musical instruments, the combinationof a windway beneath thekey-bed, expression control means and thecontrol-manuals thereof associated with said wind-way, and supportingmeans for the control-manuals removably connected with tlie wind-way,said supporting means having upwardly-extending portions, and saidupwardly-extending portions being secured to the wind-wayl and thekey-bed.

68. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, the combination of awind-way having an outwardly extending shelf, tracker-tubes, and partsformed integrally with'said shelf to support said tubes.

69. In a player mechanism for musicalv instruments, the combination of awind-way having a rearwardly-extending shelf. tracker-tubes andtracker-tube supports on said shelf for maintaining saidv tubes inalinement with the openings in the windway, through which openings saidtubes enter said wind-way.

70. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, the combination of awind-way having a rearwardly-extending shelf, pneumatics attached tosaid shelf, and means for stifening said shelf, comprising trackertubesrigidly connected with the tracker.

71. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, a wind-way having anupright hollow header or cheek, in combination with an expression-valvelocated in said header, and means for operating said valve.

72. In a player mechanism, a wind-way having an upright header or cheek,said header being provided with Va transverse oriticed valve-seat, incombination with anexpression-valve to control'the orifice and locatedin said header, said valve having a depending stem, and means adapted toactI on said stem for operating said valve.

73. In a player mechanism, a'wind-way having an upright hollow header orcheek, in combination with a.' hollow head or pouch at the lower endofsaid header, and a valve operable from withinsaid yhead or pouch. 74.In a player mechanism, a` wind-way, in Combination 'with a vpuit or'motor-pneumatic, connected with and located vat an end of saidwind-way, and a valve operablei by said puif or pneumatic.

75. In a 'player mechanism, a wind-way having an 'upright 'hollow headeror cheek, in combination with a hollow head or pouch at the lower end'ofsaid header, a flexible diaphragm in said'head or pouch, a'transverseoriiiced valve-seat in said header', an

expression-valvel located in 'said yheader, and i having a dependingstem resting on said diaphragm through the gravity'thereof and saidvalve, and means vadaptedto act on said diaphragm for operating saidvalve through` saidstem. l l' 76. In a player mechanism forgmusicalin'-struments, the combination vof a wind-way,

avrigid depending neck on the same, the airreservoir of thepumping'bellows in front' of and seated against the front wall of saidneck, and' means for removably fastening the'air-reservoirliand pumpingbellows in position against said :front wall.,

77. In a layer mechanism for'i'nusical instruments, the combination of awind-way,`

a depending neck on the sarde,"both of sheet metal and forming asubstantially rigid structure, the air-reservoirof the pumping bellows,and means for removably Jfastening the air-reservoir and said bellows tothe lower end lof said neck.

y 78. In a player mechanism for musical instruments, the combination ofa wind-way, al rigid depending goose-neck on the same, having its bendpresented rearwardly, and its lower end inclined forwardly, theairreservoir of the lpumping bellows in front of and seated against thefront 'wall of said inclined end of the neck, and means for removablyfastening the air-reservoir and pumping bellows in position `againstsaid neck. y

79. In a player mechanism for musicall instruments, a wind-chestsection, and manually-operated control means and the controlmanualsthereof, supported from said wind- 4chest section and constituting anassemblage

